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Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a progressive multifactorial condition where the role of oxidative stress may have implications in the pathogenesis of the disease. Despite growing interest among researchers and clinicians, the limited, unorganized, and divergent findings regarding the association between oxidative stress and the progression of heart failure (HF) have prompted us to conduct this study. Drawing upon the evolving nature of this research domain, this study is one of the first of its kind to present a systematic and comprehensive overview of the existing evidence regarding the role of oxidative stress production in the progression of HF. This study systematically reviews peer-reviewed empirical studies published in English, particularly focusing on the association between oxidative stress and the progression of HF. Parameters, such as publication year, study design, population demographics (size, age, and gender), types of HF, and characterization of markers in the existing studies, were reviewed. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedure, a thorough search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Sage databases, without any restrictions on the publication dates of articles, which yielded a total of 1,808 records on the association of oxidative stress production with clinical outcomes in HF patients. The analysis of the content of 17 articles offered a robust observation of this phenomenon, providing insights into the levels of oxidative stress, antioxidant markers, and the enzymes involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their association with the progression and severity of HF. The findings highlighted various knowledge gaps and future research priorities are recommended in the areas of interest and unexplored areas.
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Background Apropos estimation of postmortem interval is an important and difficult task for forensic pathologists. In routine practice, postmortem interval is deduced by conventional or physical methods such as early and late postmortem changes, which are subjective methods and prone to errors. Estimating time since death by thanatochemistry is a more objective method as compared to routine conventional or physical methods. The present study is an attempt to analyze the changes in electrolytes level in serum after death and its correlation with postmortem interval. Materials and methods Blood samples were taken from the deceased who were brought for a medicolegal autopsy. The concentration of electrolytes, mainly sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate, was evaluated in the serum. The deceased were grouped on the basis of time since death. Log-transferred regression analysis was done to establish the correlation of the concentration of electrolytes with time since death and regression formulas were derived for each parameter. Results Sodium concentration in serum showed a negative correlation with time since death. Potassium, calcium, and phosphate showed a positive correlation with time since death. No statistically significant difference exists in the concentration of electrolytes between males and females. No significant difference was observed in the electrolytes concentration between the age groups. Conclusion Considering the findings of this study, we infer that the concentration of electrolytes, primarily sodium, potassium, and phosphates, in the blood can be used to approximate the amount of time that has passed since death. Nonetheless, until 48 hours after death, electrolyte levels in the blood can be considered for the calculation of the postmortem interval.
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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a colonic disease characterized by chronic inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a rheumatological chronic inflammatory disease characterized by joint swelling and tenderness. It is also considered an autoimmune disorder. We want to discover if a link exists between UC and RA and if so, how UC affects the progress of arthritis. We used PRISMA guidelines. In this study, we used PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), and Google Scholar to collect data. Studies conducted more than 50 years ago, non-English articles, and animal studies were excluded. All types of studies were included. We used keywords like "ulcerative colitis", "rheumatoid arthritis", or "colitic arthritis" in the search. We identified the following sets of results: 187,611 PubMed studies, 197,610 PMC studies, and 2,282,000 Google scholar studies. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the number of appropriate studies was narrowed down to 50. Arthritis is the most common complication of ulcerative UC. The radiological changes are similar to those seen in RA. There are common genes and antigens found in both diseases, such as human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B27), interleukin 15, IgA. Certain drugs used for the treatment of both disorders, including omega-3. Many studies revealed that a large number of patients with UC developed RA within a few years. All the findings prove that there is a relation between ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis. This study is useful for doctors, scientists, and patients.
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CONTEXT: Ocimum sanctum has been reported to have a variety of medicinal properties. OBJECTIVE: The present study was planned to evaluate the effect of O. sanctum on plasma homocysteine levels and lipid profile in healthy rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty rabbits were divided into two groups (20 each). Group I rabbits received normal diet and group II rabbits received fresh leaves of O. sanctum (2 g/day) for 8 weeks along with normal diet. Fasting plasma samples were estimated for homocysteine and lipid profile. The results were analysed statistically. RESULTS: The levels of homocysteine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol were found to be decreased and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly on supplementation with O. sanctum (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Thus, O. sanctum can prove to be a significant cardioprotective substance and an important adjuvant in the treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia and dyslipidemia.
